Diabetes is a very serious and dangerous disease that requires constant treatment. Along with the use of drug therapy, patients should lead a healthy lifestyle, give up addiction and engage in sports. It is equally important to know what you can eat with diabetes, and which products to refuse completely.
If there is a significant deterioration in well-being, weakness, constant and, moreover, insatiable thirst, xerostomia, frequent urination, itching of the skin, especially in the area of the feet and groin, consult a doctor immediately. endocrinologist and perform an examination. These symptoms signal the development of diabetes.
The disease is certainly dangerous and difficult, but it is not a punishment. Many people live with the disease. In order to normalize well-being, maintain a normal blood sugar level and eliminate unpleasant symptoms, you should follow a special diet and know what you can eat with diabetes.
Pathology can develop in both adults and children. The disease is often diagnosed in pregnant women. With proper treatment and a healthy diet, the disease can be controlled.
IT IS IMPORTANT
What can you drink with diabetes
Most patients try to watch their diet. They do not eat fast food and try to make the food as healthy and balanced as possible. But not everyone is careful about what drinks they drink. Diabetics should not drink alcoholic beverages, store juices, strong tea, kvass, sweet juice.
If you want to drink, give preference to the following drinks:
- still mineral water or purified water;
- unsweetened juices;
- jelly;
- Compotes;
- weak teas;
- green tea;
- herbal decoctions and infusions;
- freshly squeezed juices (but only diluted);
- defense of dairy products.
Doctors do not recommend patients to drink coffee. But scientists have proven that coffee is rich in useful and necessary substances, including antioxidants that help prevent the development of tumors. They are rich in cereals and linoleic acid, which prevents the development of heart attack, stroke and other pathologies of the cardiovascular system. Therefore, you can drink coffee with diabetes, the main thing is that the coffee is natural and without sugar.
Basic rules of healthy eating
Every diabetic, without exception, should know what to eat in the presence of diabetes. Eating all the food in a row is overwhelmed by the deterioration of general well-being.
Each diet, including diabetes, has its own characteristics and rules.
Diet therapy should:
- limiting consumption of carbohydrate products;
- reducing calorie intake;
- use of fortified foods;
- five to six meals a day;
- meals at the same time;
- enriching the diet with natural vitamins - vegetables and fruits (except sweet ones, especially gems and dates);
- eating small meals;
- excluding long intervals between meals;
- drawing up a menu taking into account the GI of products;
- minimizing salt intake;
- refusal to eat fatty, spicy, spicy, fried food;
- refusal to use alcohol and sugary soda, as well as ready-made food and fast food;
- replacing sugar with natural sweeteners: fructose, sorbitol, etc. ;
- use of cooked, baked and steamed food.
Proper nutrition is the key to good health
Diabetics, regardless of the type of disease, should adhere to a proper and healthy diet:
- To keep your insulin levels constant, you need to have a full breakfast.
- Every meal should start with a vegetable salad. It contributes to the normalization of metabolic processes and weight correction.
- The last meal should be no later than three hours before bedtime.
- The food you eat should be at a comfortable temperature. With diabetes, you can eat warm and moderately cold dishes.
- The liquid can be drunk half an hour before meals or after 30 minutes. Do not drink water or juices during meals.
- It is important to stick to a routine. Eating five to six times a day helps prevent spikes in blood glucose levels.
- The diet should be enriched with low-fat fish, dairy products with a low percentage of fat, vegetables and fruits, and cereals.
- Diabetics should avoid sugar and all products containing it.
- The optimal daily calorie content is 2400 kcal.
- It is also important to monitor the chemical composition of the food. The proportion of complex carbohydrates in the daily diet is 50%, protein - 20%, fat - 30%.
- One and a half liters of purified or mineral non-carbonated water should be consumed daily.
GI (glycemic index) - what is it?
Each product has its own GI. Otherwise it is called "unit of bread" - XE. And if the nutritional value determines how much useful substances will be converted into energy for the body, then the GI is an indicator of the digestibility of carbohydrate products. It shows how quickly carbohydrate products are absorbed and at the same time increase blood sugar levels.
What can diabetics eat with a diet and table number 9
Many patients, hearing the word "diet", consider it a sentence. They believe that their diet will be limited to a minimum. In fact, everything is far from it. Dietary therapy for the disease involves limiting caloric intake, consuming complex carbohydrates and eliminating simple carbohydrates. Food can be both therapeutic and delicious at the same time. You just need to know what diabetics can eat.
Eating the right foods will also help with weight control and maintaining normal insulin levels.
Patients are allowed to use the following products:
- From bread. It is preferable that it is brown bread or products intended for diabetics. The daily norm is 300 g. Cereals, whole grain and "Borodino" bread are also allowed.
- Soups. It is preferable that the first dishes are cooked in vegetable broths.
- Lean meat (veal, beef, rabbit, chicken) and fish: perch, carp, cod. Any method of preparation, only frying is excluded.
- Eggs and scrambled eggs. You cannot consume more than one egg per day. Abuse of this product is met with an increase in cholesterol levels.
- Dairy products (fat milk, fresh cheese, kefir, sour milk, fermented baked milk, natural yogurts).
- Cheese (unsalted and low fat).
- Berries and fruits: grapefruit, raspberries, apples, kiwi. Their consumption helps not only in increasing sugar, but also in lowering the level of harmful cholesterol.
- Vegetables: cabbage, tomatoes, cucumbers, radishes, greens.
- Honey (limited).
- Drinks: juices, herbal preparations, mineral water.
All these products can be eaten by diabetics. But the main thing is to observe the measure in everything. Food should not be greasy. You can't drink alcohol either.
Allowed products for people with an insulin-dependent form
Pathology of the first type, i. e. insulin-dependent diabetes, is characterized by severe symptoms, acute course and accompanied by increased appetite. In addition to using insulin, it is important to know what diabetics can eat. Properly formulated nutrition is the best way to maintain health and well-being.
The diet of diabetics with the first type of pathology is similar to the diet of patients with the second type of pathology. It is allowed to use: non-carbonated mineral water, seafood and lean fish, oatmeal and buckwheat, vegetables, lean dairy products, boiled eggs, dietary meat.
IT IS IMPORTANT
Table number 9 for pathology
Patients are most often prescribed to follow dietary table no. 9. The diet includes six meals a day, excluding fats, fried foods, spicy, smoked meats, salty foods and sweets. The energy value of the daily diet should not exceed 2500 kcal. Diabetics can eat food cooked in any way, except fried.
What not to do with diabetes: allowed and forbidden foods, sample menu
Every person suffering from a serious disease should know what not to do with diabetes. Abuse of harmful products is fraught with aggravation.
Products listed should be discarded:
- Sahara. It is recommended to replace it with sweeteners.
- Baking. This type of food is strictly not recommended. In addition to being rich in sugar, they are also high in calories, which is not very good for blood glucose levels.
- Fatty meat and fish products.
- Smoked dishes and canned food. These products have a high glycemic index.
- Animal fats, mayonnaise.
- Dairy products with a high percentage of fat.
- Products based on semolina and cereals, as well as pasta.
- Vegetables. You cannot eat certain vegetables with diabetes, but if it doesn't work, you should limit their consumption as much as possible: potatoes, fried zucchini.
- Sweet fruit.
- Drinks: sweet juices, concentrated or store-bought juices, compotes, strong black tea.
- Snacks, seeds, chips.
- Sweets. With any type of diabetes, especially with gestational diabetes, the use of ice cream, jam, milk chocolate is prohibited.
- Alcoholic beverages.
Allowed and prohibited products:
Proper nutrition, along with the introduction of insulin, is the key to good health. Adhering to the diet, as well as the use of medication, the patient should be for life. This is the only way to maintain normal blood sugar levels. What to eat and what not to eat in diabetes.
Allowed to eat:
- purified water or mineral water;
- weak tea, coffee;
- mushrooms;
- peas;
- radish;
- radish;
- turnip;
- green beans;
- desires;
- carrot;
- beet;
- Eggplant;
- pepper;
- cabbage;
- cucumbers;
- tomato.
Permitted Use:
- eggs;
- berries;
- fruits;
- soups;
- croup;
- bread;
- legumes (peas, beans, lentils);
- potato;
- honey;
- low-fat cheeses;
- low-fat dairy products;
- lean cooked sausage;
- meat and fish products.
It is forbidden to eat:
- alcoholic beverages;
- grapes;
- bananas;
- persimmons;
- dates;
- sweets (ice cream, jam, lollipops, cookies);
- Sahara;
- seeds;
- canned food;
- smoked products and sausage products;
- fatty meat and fish products;
- fatty dairy products;
- animal fats.
How to replace harmful products
Patients are forbidden to eat high-calorie foods, because such products cause disease progression and worsen the effect of drugs.
Harmful products can be replaced with useful, appropriate in composition:
- White bread can be replaced with rye flour products.
- Sweets and desserts - berries and desserts for diabetics.
- Animal fats are vegetable fats.
- Fatty meat products and cheeses - lean products, avocados.
- Cream is a low-fat dairy product.
- Ice cream - hard cheeses, seafood, legumes.
- Beer - dairy products, beef, eggs.
- Sweet soda - beets, carrots, legumes.
- Sausage is a dairy product.
Indicative weekly menu
You can make a menu yourself for each day or immediately for the whole week, taking into account what is possible and what is not possible with diabetes. Below is a sample menu for the week.
The first day.
- Morning meal: salad with cucumbers and cabbage, oatmeal, weak tea.
- Snack: apple or kefir.
- Lunch: vegetable soup, zucchini casserole, compote.
- Snack: cottage cheese casserole.
- Evening meal: buckwheat porridge, boiled chicken fillet, juice.
Other day.
- Breakfast: pumpkin milk porridge, jelly.
- Snack: biscuit.
- Lunch: Lenten borscht, millet porridge with roasted half fillet, green tea.
- Snack: sour milk.
- Dinner: zucchini stew, kefir.
Third day.
- Morning meal: boiled egg, sandwich with cheese, coffee.
- Snack: baked apple.
- Lunch: fish soup, buckwheat porridge, steamed chicken meatballs, tomato juice.
- Snack: orange.
- Evening meal: milky rice porridge, boiled shrimp, fermented baked milk.
Day four.
- Breakfast: scrambled eggs, sandwich with cheese, tea.
- Snack: salad with tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers.
- Lunch: cabbage soup, baked fish, compote.
- Snack: raspberry jelly.
- Evening meal: boiled turkey, tomato juice.
Day five.
- Morning meal: baked pumpkin, apple compote.
- Snack: one apple.
- Lunch: mushroom soup, oatmeal, carrot juice.
- Snack: kefir.
- Dinner: lazy sausages, sour milk.
Sixth day.
- Morning meal: fresh cheese, coffee.
- Snack: apple juice and a biscuit.
- Lunch: soup with pieces of chicken and buckwheat, baked hake, compote.
- Snack: vegetable salad.
- Evening meal: steamed beef cutlet, oatmeal, carrot juice.
Day seven.
- Breakfast: pumpkin porridge, green tea.
- Snack: any allowed fruit.
- Lunch: soup with rice, peppers stuffed with chicken meat, tomato juice.
- Snack: vegetable salad, sandwich with cheese.
- Dinner: buckwheat porridge, stewed cabbage, kefir.
There can be six meals. But the most important thing is that the last meal should be no later than three hours before bedtime.
Diet therapy for diabetes is not difficult, but necessary. The list of allowed products is quite large, so the diet will not be monotonous. The main thing to understand is that a healthy diet in case of illness is the key to good health and maintaining normal blood sugar levels.